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Table 3 Phenolic acids and flavonoids compounds detected in Withania somnifera roots, fruits and leaves using high performance liquid chromatography analysis.

From: High catechin concentrations detected in Withania somnifera (ashwagandha) by high performance liquid chromatography analysis

SL No

Standard compounds

Retention time

λmax(nm)

Quantity of the identified compounds (mg/g DW)

    

Roots

Fruits

Leaves

1

Catechin

3.36

278

12.82

19.48

28.38

2

Gallic acid

4.12

269, 216

ND

ND

0.18

3

Syringic acid

8.10

268, 216

ND

ND

0.30

4

Vanillic acid

8.61

224, 249, 269

ND

ND

0.15

5

p-coumaric acid

10.97

264, 286, 310

ND

ND

0.80

6

Benzoic acid

15.33

272, 241

0.19

ND

0.80

7

Naringenin

20.18

277, 292, 308

ND

0.50

ND

8

Kaempferol

25.59

361

ND

0.06

ND

Total phenolic compounds

13.01 ± 8.93

20.04 ± 11.09

30.61 ± 11.41

  1. (ND = Not detected), DW = dry weight