Figure 2
Effect of GSPs on cutaneous HNSCC cell invasion. (A) Treatment of cutaneous HNSCC cells (SCC13) with GSPs for 12 h inhibit invasion of cells in a concentration-dependent manner compared to non-GSPs-treated control cells. The invasive cells were counted and the results expressed as the mean number of invasive cells ± SD/microscopic field (right panel). Significant inhibition versus non-GSPs-treated control, *P < 0.001. (B) Wound healing assay was performed to assess the effect of GSPs on the migration of SCC13 cells. Incubation of SCC13 cells with GSPs for 48 h inhibits migration of cells in a concentration-dependent manner compared to non-GSPs-treated control cells. Broken white line indicates the gap without the presence of cells. Representative pictures are shown from three separate experiments under identical conditions. (C) Dose-dependent effect of GSPs on the EGFR expression of SCC13 cells. The levels of EGFR were determined in cell lysates using western blot analysis. (D) GSPs inhibit EGF-induced invasion of SCC13 cells. Treatment of SCC13 cells with EGF results in enhancement of cell invasion, and treatment of GSPs inhibit EGF-induced invasion of SCC13 cells. The data on cell invasion in each treatment group is summarized and the results expressed as the mean number of invasive cells ± SD/microscopic field (right panel). Significant inhibition versus EGF alone-treated group, *P < 0.001.