Overall use of health care services |
Medication use (opiates, sedatives, hypnotics, and antidepressants) |
Pain-related procedures (injections, imaging, surgery) |
Pain-related visits (primary and specialty care) |
Emergency room/Urgent care visits |
Evidence of sleep problems |
Adverse events attributed to conventional, acupuncture, or chiropractic care treatment for chronic musculoskeletal pain |
Mood disorder diagnoses (depression, anxiety) |