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Table 2 Means ± standard deviation of immunological parameters before, during and after exposition with Iscucin® Populi (IP), Viscum Mali e planta tota (VM) and placebo (Pl) in the ITT population, nd = not done.

From: Safety and effects of two mistletoe preparations on production of Interleukin-6 and other immune parameters - a placebo controlled clinical trial in healthy subjects

 

Group

Baseline

Exposure

Exposure

Exposure

Follow-up

   

Week 4

Week 8

Week 12

Week 16

Leukocytes (1000/μl)

IP

6.2 ± 2.0

5.9 ± 1.2

7.2 ± 2.0 *

6.7 ± 1.6 *

5.8 ± 1.5

 

VM

5.7 ± 1.4

5.8 ± 1.2

6.0 ± 1.2

5.6 ± 1.4

5.7 ± 1.0

 

Pl

6.4 ± 1.7

6.2 ± 1.6

6.5 ± 1.7

6.1 ± 1.7

6.5 ± 1.8

Eosinophils (1000/μl)

IP

0.1 ± 0.0

0.2 ± 0.1**

1.1. ± 0.7***

0.8 ± 0.5***

0.2 ± 0.1

 

VM

0.1 ± 0.0

0.1 ± 0.0

0.2 ± 0.0*

0.2 ± 0.0**

0.2 ± 0.1

 

Pl

0.2 ± 0.1

0.2 ± 0.1

0.2 ± 0.1

0.2 ± 0.1

0.2 ± 0.1

Neutrophils (1000/μl)

IP

3.8 ± 1.7

3.3 ± 0.9

3.7 ± 1.4

3.5 ± 1.3

3.4 ± 1.3 *

 

VM

3.3 ± 1.1

3.3 ± 0.9

3.5 ± 1.2

3.2 ± 1.1

3.3 ± 0.7

 

Pl

3.9 ± 1.5

3.8 ± 1.3

4.0 ± 1.4

3.8 ± 1.6

4.1 ± 1.5

Lymphocytes (1000/μl)

IP

1.9 ± 0.5

2.0 ± 0.4*

2.1 ± 0.5*

2.0 ± 0.5*

1.9 ± 0.5

 

VM

1.9 ± 0.6

2.0 ± 0.5

1.9 ± 0.5

1.9 ± 0.5

1.9 ± 0.6

 

Pl

1.9 ± 0.3

1.9 ± 0.4

1.9 ± 0.4

1.8 ± 0.3

1.8 ± 0.3

Monocytes (1000/μl)

IP

0.4 ± 0.1

0.3 ± 0.0

0.4 ± 0.1

0.4 ± 0.1

0.3 ± 0.0**

 

VM

0.3 ± 0.0

0.3 ± 0.0

0.4 ± 0.1

0.3 ± 0.1

0.3 ± 0.1

 

Pl

0.3 ± 0.1

0.3 ± 0.0

0.3 ± 0.1

0.3 ± 0.1

0.4 ± 0.1

Natural killer cells (1000/μl)

IP

0.3 ± 0.1

0.3 ± 0.1

0.3 ± 0.1

0.3 ± 0.1

0.2 ± 0.1

 

VM

0.2 ± 0.1

0.2 ± 0.1

0.2 ± 0.0

0.2 ± 0.1

0.2 ± 0.1

 

Pl

0.3 ± 0.0

0.3 ± 0.0

0.3 ± 0.1

0.2 ± 0.0

0.2 ± 0.0

CD4 cells (1000/μl)

IP

0.8 ± 0.3

0.9 ± 0.3*

0.9 ± 0.3*

0.9 ± 0.3*

0.9 ± 0.3*

 

VM

0.8 ± 0.2

0.9 ± 0.2

0.8 ± 0.2

0.9 ± 0.2

0.8 ± 0.3

 

Pl

0.9 ± 0.2

0.8 ± 0.1

0.8 ± 0.2

0.8 ± 0.1

0.8 ± 0.2

CD8 cells (1000/μl)

IP

0.4 ± 0.1

0.5 ± 0.1

0.5 ± 0.1

0.5 ± 0.1*

0.5 ± 0.1

 

VM

0.5 ± 0.2

0.6 ± 0.2

0.5 ± 0.2

0.5 ± 0.1

0.5 ± 0.1

 

Pl

0.5 ± 0.1

0.5 ± 0.1

0.5 ± 0.1

0.5 ± 0.1

0.5 ± 0.1

Ratio T4/T8

IP

2.0 ± 0.7

2.0 ± 0.7*

2.0 ± 0.7

2.0 ± 0.7

2.0 ± 0.7

 

VM

1.7 ± 0.7

1.8 ± 0.7

1.8 ± 0.7

1.8 ± 0.7

1.8 ± 0.6

 

Pl

1.8 ± 0.5

1.8 ± 0.5

1.8 ± 0.5

1.9 ± 0.6

1.8 ± 0.5

B-cells (1000/μl)

IP

0.2 ± 0.1

0.2 ± 0.1

0.2 ± 0.1

0.3 ± 0.1

0.2 ± 0.1

 

VM

0.2 ± 0.0

0.2 ± 0.0

0.2 ± 0.1

0.2 ± 0.0

0.2 ± 0.0

 

Pl

0.2 ± 0.0

0.2 ± 0.0

0.2 ± 0.0

0.2 ± 0.0

0.2 ± 0.1

Immunoglobulin A (g/l)

IP

1.9 ± 0.7

1.8 ± 0.7

1.8 ± 0.7

1.8 ± 0.7

1.8 ± 0.7

 

VM

2.2 ± 0.9

2.2 ± 0.8

2.2 ± 0.9

2.2 ± 0.9

2.2 ± 0.8

 

Pl

1.9 ± 0.7

1.9 ± 0.7

1.9 ± 0.7

1.9 ± 0.7

1.8 ± 0.7

Immunoglobulin G (g/l)

IP

11.3 ± 2.4

11.1 ± 2.3

11.0 ± 2.1

11.1 ± 2.2

11.1 ± 2.4

 

VM

11.1 ± 1.8

11.2 ± 1.7

11.1 ± 1.9

11.1 ± 1.7

11.0 ± 1.7

 

Pl

11.0 ± 2.4

11.0 ± 2.3

11.0 ± 2.4

11.0 ± 2.3

11.0 ± 2.4

Immunoglobulin M (g/l)

IP

1.3 ± 0.5

1.3 ± 0.5

1.3 ± 0.5

1.3 ± 0.5*

1.3 ± 0.6*

 

VM

1.3 ± 0.6

1.3 ± 0.7**

1.3 ± 0.7

1.3 ± 0.6

1.3 ± 0.6

 

Pl

1.2 ± 0.6

1.2 ± 0.6

1.2 ± 0.6

1.1 ± 0.6

1.2 ± 0.6

Interleukin-6 (pg/ml)

IP

0.8 ± 0.8

0.6 ± 0.3

0.9 ± 1.3

1.3 ± 1.7

0.7 ± 0.5

 

VM

0.6 ± 0.4

0.5 ± 0.2

1.0 ± 1.2

0.6 ± 0.4

0.6 ± 0.4

 

Pl

1.0 ± 0.7

0.8 ± 0.7

0.9 ± 0.8

1.0 ± 0.8

1.7 ± 3.0

C-reactive protein (mg/l)

IP

2.7 ± 4.4

1.8 ± 1.1

2.1 ± 1.4

3.6 ± 5.5

1.6 ± 1.2*

 

VM

2.5 ± 3.0

1.8 ± 1.1

3.4 ± 3.5

1.6 ± 1.2**

1.8 ± 1.2*

 

PL

4.6 ± 9.2

3.0 ± 3.4

3.0 ± 2.6

4.2 ± 3.4

4.3 ± 5.0

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (ng/l)

IP

10 ± 3

10 ± 3

11 ± 3

12 ± 3 *

11 ± 3

 

VM

10 ± 3

10 ± 3

11 ± 4

11 ± 4

11 ± 3

 

Pl

10 ± 3

10 ± 2

11 ± 3

10 ± 2

11 ± 2

Mistletoe lectin antibodies (optical density)

IP

nd

nd

nd

971 ± 143***

nd

 

VM

nd

nd

nd

51 ± 31

nd

 

Pl

nd

nd

nd

33 ± 30

nd

Viscotoxin antibodies (optical density)

IP

nd

nd

nd

544 ± 289***

nd

 

VM

nd

nd

nd

76 ± 98

nd

 

Pl

nd

nd

nd

13 ± 9

nd

  1. * p < 0.05 compared to placebo, ** p < 0.01 compared to placebo, *** p < 0.001 compared to placebo. Significant deviations are bold typed.