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Table 2 Effects of FSE and NFSE on ICAM-1, iNOS, and COX-2 protein production (number of immunopositive cells/mm2)

From: Anti-inflammatory effects of fermented and non-fermented Sophora flavescens: a comparative study

Groups

ICAM-1

iNOS

COX-2

Control group

22.22 ± 6.22**

10.41 ± 3.88**

9.06 ± 5.04**

Saline group

135.11 ± 21.35

68.28 ± 9.30

71.22 ± 8.23

FSE group

46.41 ± 1.23**

26.22 ± 1.39*

18.08 ± 3.22**

NFSE group

98.41 ± 33.31*

51.32 ± 2.59

50.11 ± 11.32*

  1. Values represent the mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05 vs. saline group; **p < 0.01 vs. saline group.