First author (Year) | Sample size/Severity/Diagnosis | Groups | Main outcomes | Intergroup difference | CAT group | IAT group | Co-interventions for both groups | Risk of bias* |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Infarction | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
Pan (2009) [13] | 53 n.r. CT scan or MRI | (A) CAT (n = 28) (B) IAT (n = 25) | 1) Response rate 2) NDS | 1) RR, 1.16 [0.93, 1.45], NS 2) MD, 3.69 [1.43, 5.95], P = 0.001 | PC6, LI4, ST36, LR3 de-qi elicited, manipulation at every 5 min, 20 min per session, once daily for 10 days, interval of 5 days after one course, three courses in total | Identical points and procedures as CAT group | None | U-U-U-U-Y-Y-Y |
Chen (2007) [14] | 68 Mild to severe CT scan or MRI | (A) EA CAT (n = 34) (B) EA IAT (n = 34)) | 1) Response rate 2) NDS | 1) RR, 1.07 [0.88, 1.31], NS 2) MD, 0.01 [-4.00, 4.02], NS | Points: LI15, LI11, LI10, TE5, LI4, ST31, GB31, GB34, ST36, ST41, GB36 1.7 Hz, for 30 min, once daily | Identical points and procedures as CAT group | Scalp acupuncture with manual twirling at 180-200 Hz, manipulation at every 10 min for 3 times, once daily for 30 days | U-U-U-U-U-Y-Y |
Liu (2005) [15] | 60 Mild (shoulder pain) CT scan or MRI | (A) Big size needle CAT (n = 30) (B) IAT (n = 30) | Response rate | RR, 1.17 [0.95, 1.43], NS | Points: GB34 through GB39 0.4-1.6 mm × 150-500 mm, de-qi elicited, manipulation at every 10 min, for 30 min, once daily, days n.r. | Points: LI15, SI9, LI14, LI11, TE5 0.30 mm × 40 mm, de-qi elicited, manipulation at every 10 min, for 30 min, once daily, days n.r. | Active and passive exercises | U-U-N-N-Y-Y-U |
Sun (2000) [16] | 80 n.r. CT scan or MRI | (A) CAT (n = 40) (B) IAT (n = 40) | Response rate | RR, 1.19 [1.00, 1.41], P = 0.05 | Basic points: GV20, GB20, LI15, LI11, TE5, LI4, GB34, ST36, GB39, ST41 Additional points: GV26, PC8, LR3, BL18, BL23, BL17, SP10, ST40, SP6 De-qi elicited One course: 30 min, once daily for 10 sessions, interval of 2 days after one course Three courses in total | Identical points and procedures as CAT group | None | U-U-N-N-Y-Y-Y |
Infarction and hemorrhage mixed | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | ||
Hong (2009) [17] | 60 Severe (post-stroke shoulder-hand syndrome) CT scan or MRI | (A) CAT (n = 30) (B) IAT (n = 30) | 1) Response rate 2) FMA 3) ADL 4) Pain (VAS) | 1) RR, 1.04 [0.89, 1.21], NS 2) MD, 1.10 [0.06, 2.14], P = 0.04 3) MD, 10.67 [2.44, 18.90], P = 0.01 4) MD, -10.60 [-16.83, -4.37], P = 0.0009 | 1st set of points: LI15, SI9, LI10, TE6, SI3, GB34, and most painful points 2nd set of points: TE14, LI14, LI11, TE5, LI4, ST38, and most painful points 1st and 2nd sets in turn, 0.38 mm × 40-65 mm, de-qi elicited,2 Hz manipulation at every 10 min, One course: for 30 min, once daily for 10 sessions, interval of 2-3 days after one course Two courses in total | Identical points and procedures as CAT group | None | Y-U-N-N-Y-Y-Y |
Ni (2009) [18] | 80 n.r. CT scan or MRI | (A) CAT (n = 20) (B) IAT (n = 20) (C) CAT +CSS (n = 20) †(D) CSS (n = 20) †| 1) Response rate 2) FMA | 1) RR, 1.33 [0.88, 2.03], NS 2) MD, 14.54 [9.42, 19.66], P < 0.0001 | Points: PC6, LU5, LU4 for arms; ST36, GB34, LR3, GB40, GB31 for legs, taking turns every other day 20 min, once daily for 6 days, 4 weeks in total | Points: LI15, LI11, LI10, TE5, LI4 for difficult extension; LU5, PC3, PC6 for difficult flexion Identical procedures as CAT | None | Y-U-N-Y-Y-Y-Y |
Huang (2008) [19] | 120 Mild to severe CT scan or MRI | (A) CAT (n = 30) strong stimulation (B) CAT (n = 30) weak stimulation (C) IAT (n = 30) strong stimulation (D) IAT (n = 30) weak stimulation | 1) FMA 2) ADL | 1) A vs. C, MD, 2.50 [-2.43, 7.43], NS B vs. D, MD, -0.60[-5.78,4.58], NS 2) A vs. C, MD, 0.66[-7.14, 8.46], NS B vs. D, MD, -0.67[-5.46,4.12], NS | LI15, LI14, TE10, TE9, TE5, LI5, LI6, TE3 for arms; BL37, LR9, ST36, GB39, BL62, GB40, GB41 for legs 30 min, once daily for 6 days, one day rest, for 4 weeks Twisting and twirling to 180 and 90 degrees/lifting and thrusting to 5 and 3 mm for strong and weak stimulation, respectively | HT1, LU5, PC3, LI11, LI10, PC6, PC7, PC8 for arms; ST31, ST32, BL40, BL57, SP6, KI3, KI6, KI1 for legs Identical procedures as CAT group | None | Y-U-N-N-Y-Y-Y |
Seo (2001) [10] | 13 Moderate CT scan or MRI | (A) CAT (n = 7) (B) IAT (n = 6) | MBI | MD, -3.60 [-29.96, 22.76], NS | Points: GV20, CV24, GB20, LI11, LI4, TE5, LI10, ST36, GB34, GB31, GB39, LR3, Bafeng, Baxie on unaffected side; LI11, LI4, ST36, LR3 on affected side 20 min, once daily for 3 weeks | Points: GV20, CV24, GB20, LI11, LI4, TE5, LI10, ST36, GB34, GB31, GB39, LR3, Bafeng, Baxie on affected side; LI11, LI4, ST36, LR3 on unaffected side Rest of procedures identical as CAT group | None | U-U-N-Y-Y-Y-Y |